We have all at some point suffered an ankle sprain, usually from stepping on unstable surfaces. If you don’t believe it, try asking friends and family if it has ever happened to them, and they will almost certainly say yes — especially if they are athletes.
The ankle is the joint where the foot and leg connect and is formed by three bones: fibula and tibia (which belong to the leg) and the talus (which belongs to the foot). The tibia and fibula form a sort of dome at their lower end where the talus fits. These bones are supported by a set of ligaments, muscles, and tendons that provide strength to the structure and allow mobility, enabling us to stand and walk. These areas are generally the most affected by injuries.
A minor accident like a fall at home or overuse from physical activity can cause an ankle injury since it is a joint prone to sudden changes in direction, and we don’t always coordinate our brain and body correctly.
Athletes are especially affected by injuries in this area. In sports such as soccer, basketball, volleyball, or athletics (sprinters, for example), injuries and trauma are very common. In fact, ankle injuries account for between 15% and 20% of all sports injuries, with an estimated 73% of cases recurring within the next three years.
The most common injuries are sprains and fractures, but they are not the only ones.
A sprain occurs when the ankle bends, twists, or turns unnaturally, causing an abnormal stretching of the ligaments, which can lead to tears, with the lateral external ligaments being the most affected. Sprains are divided into several grades:
Grade 1 (minimal swelling and moderate pain), Grade 2 (immediate and moderate swelling), Grade 3 (complete tear of the external ligament)
An ankle fracture, on the other hand, is a bone injury caused by severe trauma, such as car accidents or sudden falls, and depending on severity, may require surgery.
Other ankle injuries include: tendinitis, caused by overuse of the joint and commonly found in athletes; and dislocations, which occur when the bones forming the joint separate, usually due to direct trauma (a hit, fall, etc.) or forced movements.
Treatment for each injury depends entirely on its severity, but generally, the use of an ankle brace during rehabilitation is mandatory.
Why use an ankle brace?
An ankle brace is placed around the ankle to immobilize it, which is crucial for rehabilitating the affected joint that must not be overstrained. It also provides warmth and compression to the bones, promoting gradual pain relief. They are usually made from semi-rigid woven materials such as nylon, neoprene, or latex, and secured with Velcro that helps limit ankle movement.
They are indicated for ankle trauma without fracture: immobilization, postoperative synovitis, degenerative osteoarthritis, sprains, or inflammation, among others.
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